腹侧/背侧移植物镶嵌尿道成形术治疗尿道狭窄_《中国循证医学杂志》

作者：

缪勋忠 ¹ , 王坤杰 ¹ , 王莉 ² ,  李虹 ¹

1. 四川大学华西医院泌尿外科（成都 610041）2. 四川大学华西医院中国循证医学中心;

关键词：

尿道狭窄尿道成形术移植物

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20080041

视频：

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摘要 全文 图表 视频 参考文献 施引文献 补充材料

目的　比较评价背/腹侧移植物镶嵌尿道成形术治疗尿道狭窄的优劣。
方法　计算机检索MEDLINE（1966～2007）、EMbase（1977～2007）、Cochrane图书馆（2007年第4期）中采用背/腹侧移植物镶嵌尿道成形术治疗男性尿道狭窄的临床研究，语种限制为英文，由两位研究者筛选纳入文献，提取相关资料。对两组的成功率进行χ2检验，采用SPSS13.0进行统计分析。
结果　共纳入50篇文献，1264例患者。其中腹侧移植物尿道成形术患者751例，成功620例（82.6%），背侧移植物尿道成形术患者513例，成功446例（86.9%），两者差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.432，P=0.035）。移植物中，口腔粘膜成功率最高（88.1%），游离皮片的成功率与移植物植入部位有关（P=0.016）。不同部位狭窄病例中，移植物尿道成形术治疗球部尿道狭窄的成功率最高（87.7%），其成功率与移植物植入部位有关（P=0.025）。
结论　移植物背侧镶嵌尿道成形术优于腹侧，游离皮片移植物应尽可能置于尿道背侧，背侧移植物镶嵌尿道成形术更适用于球部尿道狭窄的修补。

引用本文： 缪勋忠,王坤杰,王莉,李虹. 腹侧/背侧移植物镶嵌尿道成形术治疗尿道狭窄. 中国循证医学杂志, 2008, 08(3): 182-189. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20080041 复制

1.	Devine PD, Horton CE, Devine EJ, et al. Use of full thickness skin grafts in repair of urethral strictures. J Urol, 1963, 99: 67-71.
2.	Brannan W, Ochsner MG, Fuseliser HA. Anterior urethral strictures: experience with free graft urethroplasty. J Urol, 1973, 109: 265-267.
3.	James MB, John HT, Crane DB. Single stage urethroplasty as treatment for stricture disease. J Urol, 1978, 120(4): 412-413.
4.	Barbagli G, Selli C, Tosto A, et al. Dorsal free graft urethroplasty. J Urol, 1996, 155(1): 123-126.
5.	Iselin CE, Webster GD. Dorsal onlay graft urethroplasty for repair of bulbar urethral stricture. J Urol, 1999, 161(3): 815-818.
6.	Kessler TM, Schreiter F, Kralidis G, et al. Long-term results of surgery for urethral stricture: A statistical analysis. J Urol, 2003, 170(3): 840-844.
7.	Andrich DE, Leach CJ, Mundy AR. The Barbagli procedure gives the best results for patch urethroplasty of the bulbar urethra. BJU Int, 2001, 88(4): 385-389.
8.	Meneghini A, Cacciola A, Cavarretta L, et al. Bulbar urethral stricture repair with buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty. Eur Urol, 2001, 39(3): 264-267.
9.	Heinke T, Gerharz EW, Bonfig R, et al. Ventral onlay urethroplasty using buccal mucosa for complex stricture repair. Urology, 2003, 61 (5): 1004-1007.
10.	Nielsen MA, Bueschen AJ, Lloyd LK. Free full thickness (patch) graft urethroplasty: Long-term follow-up. Urology, 1985, 26(6): 562-565.
11.	El-Kasaby AW, M Fath-Alla, AM Noweir, et al. The use of buccal mucosa patch graft in the management of anterior urethral strictures. J Urol, 1993, 149: 276-278.
12.	P Omo-Dare. Reconstruction of the urethra for stricture:description and evaluation of a technique. J Urol, 1970, 103: 69-74.
13.	Ransley PG, Duffy PG, Irene LO, et al. The use of bladder mucosa and combined bladder mucosa/preputial skin grafts for urethral reconstruction. J Urol, 1987, 138: 1096-1098.
14.	Wessells H, McAninch JW, Schreiter F. Use of free grafts in urethral stricture reconstruction. J Urol, 1996, 155(6): 1912-1915.
15.	Blum JA, feeney MJ, Howe GE, et al. Skin patch uretrhoplasty: 5-year followup. J Urol, 1982, 127(5): 909.
16.	Monfort G, Bretheau D, Di Benedetto V, et al. Urethral stricture in children: Treatment by urethroplasty with bladder mucosa graft. J Urol, 1992, 148(5): 1504-1506.
17.	Green Jr.R, Herr HW, Martin DC. Urethral stricture disease: Experience with patch graft urethroplasty. Military Medicine, 1980, 145(2): 126-128.
18.	Devine PC, Fallon B, Devine Jr CJ. Free full thickness skin graft urethroplasty. J Urol, 1976, 116(4): 444-446.
19.	Demirbilek S, Yalcinkaya F, Atayurt H. Bladder mucosa in posterior urethral repair. Int Urol & Nephro, 1997, 29(1): 59-62.
20.	Berger B, Sykes Z, Freedman M. Patch graft urethroplasty for urethral stricture disease. J Urol, 1976, 115(6): 681-684.
21.	McLaughlin MD, Thrasher JB, Celmer A, et al. Buccal mucosal urethroplasty in patients who had multiple previous procedures. Urology, 2006, 68(6): 1156-1159.
22.	Venn SN, Mundy AR. Early experience with the use of buccal mucosa for substitution urethroplasty. BJU, 1998, 81(5): 738-740.
23.	Fisher MB, Santucci RA. Extraction of UroLume endoprosthesis with one-stage urethral reconstruction using buccal mucosa. Urology, 2006, 67(2): 423. e9-423. e10.
24.	Elliott SP, Metro MJ, McAninch JW. Long-term followup of the ventrally placed buccal mucosa onlay graft in bulbar urethral reconstruction. J Urol, 2003, 16(95): 1754-1757.
25.	Fichtner J, Filipas D, Fisch M, et al. Long-term outcome of ventral buccal mucosa onlay graft urethroplasty for urethral stricture repair. Urology, 2004, 64(4): 648-650.
26.	Kane CJ, Tarman GJ, Summerton DJ, et al. Multi-institutional experience with buccal mucosa onlay urethroplasty for bulbar urethral reconstruction. J Urol, 2002, 167(3): 1314-1317.
27.	Al-Qudah HS, Santucci RA. Extended complications of urethroplasty. Int Braz J Urol, 2005, 31(4): 315-325.
28.	Fiala R, Vidlar A, Vrtal R, et al. Porcine Small Intestinal Submucosa Graft for Repair of Anterior Urethral Strictures. Eur Urol, 2007, 51(6): 1702-1708.
29.	Lewis JB, Wolgast KA, Ward JA, et al. Outpatient anterior urethroplasty: Outcome analysis and patient selection criteria. J Urol, 2002, 168(3): 1024-1026.
30.	Lopez JA, Valle J, Timon A, et al. Use of autologous buccal mucosal graft for urethral surgery in males. Eur Urol, 1996, 29(2): 227-230.
31.	Kellner DS, Fracchia JA, Armenakas NA. Ventral onlay buccal mucosal grafts for anterior urethral strictures: Long-term followup. J Urol, 2004, 171(2): 726-729.
32.	Boccon-Gibod L, Le Portz B. One-stage urethroplasty for urethral stricture. Free full thickness skin graft versus cutaneous island flap urethroplasty. Eur Urol, 1984, 10(1): 32-35.
33.	Levine LA, Elterman L. Urethroplasty following total phallic reconstruction. J Urol, 1998, 160(2): 378-382.
34.	El-Kassaby AW, Retik AB, Yoo JJ, et al. Urethral stricture repair with an off-the-shelf collagen matrix. J Urol, 2003, 169(1): 170-173.
35.	Berger AP, Deibl M, Bartsch G, et al. A comparison of one-stage procedures for post-traumatic urethral stricture repair. BJU Int, 2005, 95(9): 1299-1302.
36.	Barbagli G, Guazzoni G, Palminteri E, et al. Anastomotic Fibrous Ring as Cause of Stricture Recurrence After Bulbar Onlay Graft Urethroplasty. J Urol, 2006, 176(2): 614-619.
37.	Pansadoro V, Emiliozzi P, Gaffi M, et al. Buccal mucosa urethroplasty in the treatment of bulbar urethral strictures. Urology, 2003, 61(5): 1008-1010.
38.	Mantovani F, Trinchieri A, Castelnuovo C, et al. Reconstructive Urethroplasty Using Porcine Acellular Matrix. Eur Urol, 2003, 44(5): 600-602.
39.	Gupta NP, Ansari MS, Dogra PN, et al. Dorsal buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty by a ventral sagittal urethrotomy and minimal-access perineal approach for anterior urethral stricture. BJU Int, 2004, 93(9): 1287-1290.
40.	Asopa HS, Garg M, Singhal GG, et al. Dorsal free graft urethroplasty for urethral stricture by ventral sagittal urethrotomy approach. Urology, 2001, 58(5): 657-659.
41.	Donkov II, Bashir A, Elenkov CH, et al. Dorsal onlay augmentation urethroplasty with small intestinal submucosa: Modified Barbagli technique for strictures of the bulbar urethra. Int J Urol, 2006, 13(11): 1415-1417.
42.	Raber M, Naspro R, Scapaticci E, et al. Dorsal onlay graft urethroplasty using penile skin or buccal mucosa for repair of bulbar urethral stricture: Results of a prospective single center study. Eur Urol, 2005, 48(6): 1013-1017.
43.	Radopoulos D, Tzakas C, Dimitriadis G, et al. Dorsal on-lay preputial graft urethroplasty for anterior urethra strictures repair. Int Urol Nephro, 2007, 39(2): 497-503.
44.	Barbagli G, De Stefani S, Sighinolfi MC, et al. Experience with fibrin glue in bulbar urethral reconstruction using dorsal buccal mucosa graft. Urology, 2006, 67(4): 830-832.
45.	Parsons JK, Wright EJ. Extraction of UroLume endoprostheses with one-stage urethral reconstruction. Urology, 2004, 64(3): 582-584.
46.	Mantovani F, Trinchieri A, Castelnuovo C, et al. Reconstructive Urethroplasty Using Porcine Acellular Matrix. Eur Urol, 2003, 44(5): 600-602.
47.	Gelman J, Rodriguez Jr E. One-Stage Urethral Reconstruction for Stricture Recurrence After Urethral Stent Placement. J Urol, 2007, 177(1): 188-191.
48.	Hauser S, Bastian PJ, Fechner G, et al. Small intestine submucosa in urethral stricture repair in a consecutive series. Urology, 2006, 68(2): 263-266.
49.	Xu YM, Qiao Y, Sa YL, et al. Substitution Urethroplasty of Complex and Long-Segment Urethral Strictures: A Rationale for Procedure Selection. Eur Urol, 2007, 51(4): 1093-1099.
50.	Simonato A, Gregori A, Lissiani A, et al. The tongue as an alternative donor site for graft urethroplasty: A pilot study. J Urol, 2006, 175(2): 589-592.
51.	Joseph JV, Andrich DE, Leach CJ, et al. Urethroplasty for refractory anterior urethral stricture. J Urol, 2002, 167(1): 127-129.
52.	Dubey D, Kumar A, Mandhani A, et al. Buccal mucosal urethroplasty: A versatile technique for all urethral segments. BJU Int, 2005, 95(4): 625-629.
53.	Bhargava S, Chapple CR. Buccal mucosal urethroplasty: Is it the new gold standard? BJU Int, 2004, 93(9): 1191-1193.
54.	Barbagli G, Palminteri E, Rizzo M. Dorsal onlay graft urethroplasty using penile skin or buccal mucosa in adult bulbourethral strictures. J Urol, 1998, 160(4): 1307-1309.
55.	Pansadoro V, Emiliozzi P, Gaffi M, et al. Buccal mucosa urethroplasty for the treatment of bulbar urethral strictures. J Urol, 1999, 161(5): 1501-1503.
56.	Dubey D, Kumar A, Bansal P, et al. Substitution urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures: A critical appraisal of various techniques. BJU Int, 2003, 91(3): 215-218.
57.	Hunter Wessells, Allen F. Morey, et al. Single stage reconstruction of complex anterior urethral stricture:combined tissue transfer techniques. J Urol, 1997, 157: 1271-1274.
58.	Devine PC, Sakati IA, Poutasse EF, et al. One stage urethroplasty: repair of ureteral strictures with a free full thickness patch of skin. J Urol, 1968, 99(2): 191-193.
59.	Greenwell TJ, Venn SN, Mundy AR. Changing practice in anterior urethroplasty. BJU int, 1999, 83: 631-635.
60.	Morey AF, McAninch JW. When and how to use buccal mucosal grafts in adult bulbar urethroplasty. Urology, 1996, 48: 194-198.
61.	Morey AF, McAninch JW. Technique of harvesting buccal mucosa for urethral reconstruction. J Urol, 1996, 155: 1696-1697.
62.	Al-Qudah HS, Cavalcanti AG, Santucci RA. Early catheter removal after anterior anastomotic (3 days) and ventral buccal mucosal onlay (7 days) urethroplasty. Int Braz J Urol, 2005, 31(5): 459-464.
63.	Barbagli G, Selli C, Tosto A. Reoperative surgery for recurrent strictures of the penile and bulbous urethra. J Urol,1996,156(1): 76-77.
64.	Barbagli G, Selli C, Di Cello V, et al. A one-stage dorsal free-graft urethroplasty for bulbar urethral strictures. BJU, 1996, 78(6): 929-932.
65.	Iselin CE, Webster GD. Dorsal onlay urethroplasty for urethral stricture repair. World J Urol, 1998, 16: 181-185.
66.	Dubey D, Sehgal A, Srivastava A, et al. Buccal mucosal urethroplasty for balanitis xerotica obliterans related urethral strictures: The outcome of 1 and 2-stage techniques. J Urol, 2005, 173(2): 463-466.
67.	Bakbagli G, Palminteri E, Guazzoni G, et al. Bulbar urethroplasty using buccal mucosa grafts placed on the ventral, dorsal or lateral surface of the urethra: Are results affected by the surgical technique? J Urol, 2005, 174(3): 955-957.
68.	Barbagli G, Palminteri E, Lazzeri M, et al. Interim outcomes of dorsal skin graft bulbar urethroplasty. J Urol, 2004, 172(4): 1365-1367.
69.	Andrich DE, Mundy AR. Substitution Urethroplasty With Buccal Mucosal-free Grafts. J Urol, 2001, 165: 1131-1134.

1. Devine PD, Horton CE, Devine EJ, et al. Use of full thickness skin grafts in repair of urethral strictures. J Urol, 1963, 99: 67-71.
2. Brannan W, Ochsner MG, Fuseliser HA. Anterior urethral strictures: experience with free graft urethroplasty. J Urol, 1973, 109: 265-267.
3. James MB, John HT, Crane DB. Single stage urethroplasty as treatment for stricture disease. J Urol, 1978, 120(4): 412-413.
4. Barbagli G, Selli C, Tosto A, et al. Dorsal free graft urethroplasty. J Urol, 1996, 155(1): 123-126.
5. Iselin CE, Webster GD. Dorsal onlay graft urethroplasty for repair of bulbar urethral stricture. J Urol, 1999, 161(3): 815-818.
6. Kessler TM, Schreiter F, Kralidis G, et al. Long-term results of surgery for urethral stricture: A statistical analysis. J Urol, 2003, 170(3): 840-844.
7. Andrich DE, Leach CJ, Mundy AR. The Barbagli procedure gives the best results for patch urethroplasty of the bulbar urethra. BJU Int, 2001, 88(4): 385-389.
8. Meneghini A, Cacciola A, Cavarretta L, et al. Bulbar urethral stricture repair with buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty. Eur Urol, 2001, 39(3): 264-267.
9. Heinke T, Gerharz EW, Bonfig R, et al. Ventral onlay urethroplasty using buccal mucosa for complex stricture repair. Urology, 2003, 61 (5): 1004-1007.
10. Nielsen MA, Bueschen AJ, Lloyd LK. Free full thickness (patch) graft urethroplasty: Long-term follow-up. Urology, 1985, 26(6): 562-565.
11. El-Kasaby AW, M Fath-Alla, AM Noweir, et al. The use of buccal mucosa patch graft in the management of anterior urethral strictures. J Urol, 1993, 149: 276-278.
12. P Omo-Dare. Reconstruction of the urethra for stricture:description and evaluation of a technique. J Urol, 1970, 103: 69-74.
13. Ransley PG, Duffy PG, Irene LO, et al. The use of bladder mucosa and combined bladder mucosa/preputial skin grafts for urethral reconstruction. J Urol, 1987, 138: 1096-1098.
14. Wessells H, McAninch JW, Schreiter F. Use of free grafts in urethral stricture reconstruction. J Urol, 1996, 155(6): 1912-1915.
15. Blum JA, feeney MJ, Howe GE, et al. Skin patch uretrhoplasty: 5-year followup. J Urol, 1982, 127(5): 909.
16. Monfort G, Bretheau D, Di Benedetto V, et al. Urethral stricture in children: Treatment by urethroplasty with bladder mucosa graft. J Urol, 1992, 148(5): 1504-1506.
17. Green Jr.R, Herr HW, Martin DC. Urethral stricture disease: Experience with patch graft urethroplasty. Military Medicine, 1980, 145(2): 126-128.
18. Devine PC, Fallon B, Devine Jr CJ. Free full thickness skin graft urethroplasty. J Urol, 1976, 116(4): 444-446.
19. Demirbilek S, Yalcinkaya F, Atayurt H. Bladder mucosa in posterior urethral repair. Int Urol & Nephro, 1997, 29(1): 59-62.
20. Berger B, Sykes Z, Freedman M. Patch graft urethroplasty for urethral stricture disease. J Urol, 1976, 115(6): 681-684.
21. McLaughlin MD, Thrasher JB, Celmer A, et al. Buccal mucosal urethroplasty in patients who had multiple previous procedures. Urology, 2006, 68(6): 1156-1159.
22. Venn SN, Mundy AR. Early experience with the use of buccal mucosa for substitution urethroplasty. BJU, 1998, 81(5): 738-740.
23. Fisher MB, Santucci RA. Extraction of UroLume endoprosthesis with one-stage urethral reconstruction using buccal mucosa. Urology, 2006, 67(2): 423. e9-423. e10.
24. Elliott SP, Metro MJ, McAninch JW. Long-term followup of the ventrally placed buccal mucosa onlay graft in bulbar urethral reconstruction. J Urol, 2003, 16(95): 1754-1757.
25. Fichtner J, Filipas D, Fisch M, et al. Long-term outcome of ventral buccal mucosa onlay graft urethroplasty for urethral stricture repair. Urology, 2004, 64(4): 648-650.
26. Kane CJ, Tarman GJ, Summerton DJ, et al. Multi-institutional experience with buccal mucosa onlay urethroplasty for bulbar urethral reconstruction. J Urol, 2002, 167(3): 1314-1317.
27. Al-Qudah HS, Santucci RA. Extended complications of urethroplasty. Int Braz J Urol, 2005, 31(4): 315-325.
28. Fiala R, Vidlar A, Vrtal R, et al. Porcine Small Intestinal Submucosa Graft for Repair of Anterior Urethral Strictures. Eur Urol, 2007, 51(6): 1702-1708.
29. Lewis JB, Wolgast KA, Ward JA, et al. Outpatient anterior urethroplasty: Outcome analysis and patient selection criteria. J Urol, 2002, 168(3): 1024-1026.
30. Lopez JA, Valle J, Timon A, et al. Use of autologous buccal mucosal graft for urethral surgery in males. Eur Urol, 1996, 29(2): 227-230.
31. Kellner DS, Fracchia JA, Armenakas NA. Ventral onlay buccal mucosal grafts for anterior urethral strictures: Long-term followup. J Urol, 2004, 171(2): 726-729.
32. Boccon-Gibod L, Le Portz B. One-stage urethroplasty for urethral stricture. Free full thickness skin graft versus cutaneous island flap urethroplasty. Eur Urol, 1984, 10(1): 32-35.
33. Levine LA, Elterman L. Urethroplasty following total phallic reconstruction. J Urol, 1998, 160(2): 378-382.
34. El-Kassaby AW, Retik AB, Yoo JJ, et al. Urethral stricture repair with an off-the-shelf collagen matrix. J Urol, 2003, 169(1): 170-173.
35. Berger AP, Deibl M, Bartsch G, et al. A comparison of one-stage procedures for post-traumatic urethral stricture repair. BJU Int, 2005, 95(9): 1299-1302.
36. Barbagli G, Guazzoni G, Palminteri E, et al. Anastomotic Fibrous Ring as Cause of Stricture Recurrence After Bulbar Onlay Graft Urethroplasty. J Urol, 2006, 176(2): 614-619.
37. Pansadoro V, Emiliozzi P, Gaffi M, et al. Buccal mucosa urethroplasty in the treatment of bulbar urethral strictures. Urology, 2003, 61(5): 1008-1010.
38. Mantovani F, Trinchieri A, Castelnuovo C, et al. Reconstructive Urethroplasty Using Porcine Acellular Matrix. Eur Urol, 2003, 44(5): 600-602.
39. Gupta NP, Ansari MS, Dogra PN, et al. Dorsal buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty by a ventral sagittal urethrotomy and minimal-access perineal approach for anterior urethral stricture. BJU Int, 2004, 93(9): 1287-1290.
40. Asopa HS, Garg M, Singhal GG, et al. Dorsal free graft urethroplasty for urethral stricture by ventral sagittal urethrotomy approach. Urology, 2001, 58(5): 657-659.
41. Donkov II, Bashir A, Elenkov CH, et al. Dorsal onlay augmentation urethroplasty with small intestinal submucosa: Modified Barbagli technique for strictures of the bulbar urethra. Int J Urol, 2006, 13(11): 1415-1417.
42. Raber M, Naspro R, Scapaticci E, et al. Dorsal onlay graft urethroplasty using penile skin or buccal mucosa for repair of bulbar urethral stricture: Results of a prospective single center study. Eur Urol, 2005, 48(6): 1013-1017.
43. Radopoulos D, Tzakas C, Dimitriadis G, et al. Dorsal on-lay preputial graft urethroplasty for anterior urethra strictures repair. Int Urol Nephro, 2007, 39(2): 497-503.
44. Barbagli G, De Stefani S, Sighinolfi MC, et al. Experience with fibrin glue in bulbar urethral reconstruction using dorsal buccal mucosa graft. Urology, 2006, 67(4): 830-832.
45. Parsons JK, Wright EJ. Extraction of UroLume endoprostheses with one-stage urethral reconstruction. Urology, 2004, 64(3): 582-584.
46. Mantovani F, Trinchieri A, Castelnuovo C, et al. Reconstructive Urethroplasty Using Porcine Acellular Matrix. Eur Urol, 2003, 44(5): 600-602.
47. Gelman J, Rodriguez Jr E. One-Stage Urethral Reconstruction for Stricture Recurrence After Urethral Stent Placement. J Urol, 2007, 177(1): 188-191.
48. Hauser S, Bastian PJ, Fechner G, et al. Small intestine submucosa in urethral stricture repair in a consecutive series. Urology, 2006, 68(2): 263-266.
49. Xu YM, Qiao Y, Sa YL, et al. Substitution Urethroplasty of Complex and Long-Segment Urethral Strictures: A Rationale for Procedure Selection. Eur Urol, 2007, 51(4): 1093-1099.
50. Simonato A, Gregori A, Lissiani A, et al. The tongue as an alternative donor site for graft urethroplasty: A pilot study. J Urol, 2006, 175(2): 589-592.
51. Joseph JV, Andrich DE, Leach CJ, et al. Urethroplasty for refractory anterior urethral stricture. J Urol, 2002, 167(1): 127-129.
52. Dubey D, Kumar A, Mandhani A, et al. Buccal mucosal urethroplasty: A versatile technique for all urethral segments. BJU Int, 2005, 95(4): 625-629.
53. Bhargava S, Chapple CR. Buccal mucosal urethroplasty: Is it the new gold standard? BJU Int, 2004, 93(9): 1191-1193.
54. Barbagli G, Palminteri E, Rizzo M. Dorsal onlay graft urethroplasty using penile skin or buccal mucosa in adult bulbourethral strictures. J Urol, 1998, 160(4): 1307-1309.
55. Pansadoro V, Emiliozzi P, Gaffi M, et al. Buccal mucosa urethroplasty for the treatment of bulbar urethral strictures. J Urol, 1999, 161(5): 1501-1503.
56. Dubey D, Kumar A, Bansal P, et al. Substitution urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures: A critical appraisal of various techniques. BJU Int, 2003, 91(3): 215-218.
57. Hunter Wessells, Allen F. Morey, et al. Single stage reconstruction of complex anterior urethral stricture:combined tissue transfer techniques. J Urol, 1997, 157: 1271-1274.
58. Devine PC, Sakati IA, Poutasse EF, et al. One stage urethroplasty: repair of ureteral strictures with a free full thickness patch of skin. J Urol, 1968, 99(2): 191-193.
59. Greenwell TJ, Venn SN, Mundy AR. Changing practice in anterior urethroplasty. BJU int, 1999, 83: 631-635.
60. Morey AF, McAninch JW. When and how to use buccal mucosal grafts in adult bulbar urethroplasty. Urology, 1996, 48: 194-198.
61. Morey AF, McAninch JW. Technique of harvesting buccal mucosa for urethral reconstruction. J Urol, 1996, 155: 1696-1697.
62. Al-Qudah HS, Cavalcanti AG, Santucci RA. Early catheter removal after anterior anastomotic (3 days) and ventral buccal mucosal onlay (7 days) urethroplasty. Int Braz J Urol, 2005, 31(5): 459-464.
63. Barbagli G, Selli C, Tosto A. Reoperative surgery for recurrent strictures of the penile and bulbous urethra. J Urol,1996,156(1): 76-77.
64. Barbagli G, Selli C, Di Cello V, et al. A one-stage dorsal free-graft urethroplasty for bulbar urethral strictures. BJU, 1996, 78(6): 929-932.
65. Iselin CE, Webster GD. Dorsal onlay urethroplasty for urethral stricture repair. World J Urol, 1998, 16: 181-185.
66. Dubey D, Sehgal A, Srivastava A, et al. Buccal mucosal urethroplasty for balanitis xerotica obliterans related urethral strictures: The outcome of 1 and 2-stage techniques. J Urol, 2005, 173(2): 463-466.
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《中国循证医学杂志》

腹侧/背侧移植物镶嵌尿道成形术治疗尿道狭窄

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《中国循证医学杂志》

腹侧/背侧移植物镶嵌尿道成形术治疗尿道狭窄

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