地震后遇难者的尸体处置与传染病预防的系统评价_《中国循证医学杂志》

作者：

康德英 , 洪旗 , 李幼平 , 胡丹 , 卫茂玲

四川大学华西临床医学院循证医学与临床流行病学教研室（成都?610041）;

关键词：

地震尸体处置传染病系统评价

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20080131

视频：

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摘要 全文 图表 视频 参考文献 施引文献 补充材料

背景与目的 　全球近20年因地震死亡数十万人，震后大量遇难者尸体是否会造成大面积传染病爆发一直是全球关注的热点问题。本研究旨在通过全面检索、收集相关文献，系统评价全球近20年重大地震灾害后有关遇难者尸体处理及传染病控制的方法及效果，以期为遇难者尸体的科学处置提供当前最佳证据。
方法　制定检索策略，在MEDLINE、Cochrane图书馆、CNKI与WHO网站上检索并纳入1988～2007年期间地震后尸体处置与传染病控制的中英文全文文献。采用临床流行病学方法严格评价纳入文献。
结果　有关地震后遇难者尸体处理与传染病爆发的研究文献数量少，且多为描述性研究。本次评价共纳入10篇文献，包括2篇述评、4篇综述和4个技术报告。文献分析结果表明，灾后传染病爆发主要与灾民异地安置的卫生条件、人口密度、饮水与食品安全及基本卫生设施有关，尚无证据表明传染病爆发与尸体有关。现场尸体处置人员应做好自身防护措施。
结论　“地震后遇难者尸体会成为疾病的传染源”是一误区，建议政府部门应将尸体处置原则、模式纳入应急机制与现场救助手册。同时应强化对媒体、公众的健康教育，消除误区。

引用本文： 康德英,洪旗,李幼平,胡丹,卫茂玲. 地震后遇难者的尸体处置与传染病预防的系统评价. 中国循证医学杂志, 2008, 08(8): 575-580. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20080131 复制

1.	Watson JT, Gayer M, Connolly MA. Epidemics after natural disasters. Emerg Infect Dis, 2007, 13(1): 1-5.
2.	Communicable disease risk assessment and interventions Sichuan earthquake: the People’s Republic of China May 2008. http://www.who.int/diseasecontrol_emergencies/RA_China_Publication.pdf.Accessed June 28, 2008.
3.	Morgan O. Infectious disease risks of dead bodies following natural disasters. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2004, 15(5): 307-312.
4.	Morgan OW, Sribanditmongkol P, Perera C, et al. Mass Fatality Management Following the South Asian Tsunami Disaster: Case Studies in Thailand, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. PLoS Med, 2006, 3(6): e195.
5.	Kirkis EJ. A myth too tough to die: the dead of disasters cause epidemics of disease. Am J Infect Control, 2006, 34(6): 331-334.
6.	Aavitsland P. [Dead bodies are not contagious] Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2005, 125(6):713.
7.	Gionis TA, Wecht CH, Marshall LW Jr, et al. Dead bodies, disasters, and the myths about them: is public health law misinformed? Am J Disaster Med, 2007, 2(4): 173-188.
8.	Nathalie Floret. Negligible Risk for Epidemics after Geophysical Disasters. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2006, 12(4): 543-548.
9.	Morgan O, de Ville de Goyet C. Dispelling disaster myths about dead bodies and disease: the role of scientific evidence and the media. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2005, 18(1): 33-36.
10.	WHO/PAHO/ICRC. Management of Dead Bodies after Disasters: A Field Manual for First Responders. WHO/PAHO/ICRC,Washington D.C., 2006: 1-58.
11.	WHO/PAHO. Management of dead bodies in disaster situations (Disaster Manuals and Guidelines on Disasters Series, No. 5).Washington, D.C., 2004.
12.	WHO/ROSEA. Disposal dead bodies in emergency conditions, WHO/SEARO technical notes for emergency, Technical notes No.8: 1-4, 2004.
13.	WHO. Mortuary service and handling of the dead. WHO. Environmental Health In Emergencies And Disasters, 2002, Chapter 14: 198-201.
14.	de Ville de Goyet, Claude. Epidemics caused by dead bodies: a disaster myth that does not want to die. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2004, 15(5): 297-299.
15.	Claude de Ville de Goyet. Stop propagating disaster myths. Lancet, 2000, 356(9231): 762-764.

1. Watson JT, Gayer M, Connolly MA. Epidemics after natural disasters. Emerg Infect Dis, 2007, 13(1): 1-5.
2. Communicable disease risk assessment and interventions Sichuan earthquake: the People’s Republic of China May 2008. http://www.who.int/diseasecontrol_emergencies/RA_China_Publication.pdf.Accessed June 28, 2008.
3. Morgan O. Infectious disease risks of dead bodies following natural disasters. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2004, 15(5): 307-312.
4. Morgan OW, Sribanditmongkol P, Perera C, et al. Mass Fatality Management Following the South Asian Tsunami Disaster: Case Studies in Thailand, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. PLoS Med, 2006, 3(6): e195.
5. Kirkis EJ. A myth too tough to die: the dead of disasters cause epidemics of disease. Am J Infect Control, 2006, 34(6): 331-334.
6. Aavitsland P. [Dead bodies are not contagious] Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2005, 125(6):713.
7. Gionis TA, Wecht CH, Marshall LW Jr, et al. Dead bodies, disasters, and the myths about them: is public health law misinformed? Am J Disaster Med, 2007, 2(4): 173-188.
8. Nathalie Floret. Negligible Risk for Epidemics after Geophysical Disasters. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2006, 12(4): 543-548.
9. Morgan O, de Ville de Goyet C. Dispelling disaster myths about dead bodies and disease: the role of scientific evidence and the media. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2005, 18(1): 33-36.
10. WHO/PAHO/ICRC. Management of Dead Bodies after Disasters: A Field Manual for First Responders. WHO/PAHO/ICRC,Washington D.C., 2006: 1-58.
11. WHO/PAHO. Management of dead bodies in disaster situations (Disaster Manuals and Guidelines on Disasters Series, No. 5).Washington, D.C., 2004.
12. WHO/ROSEA. Disposal dead bodies in emergency conditions, WHO/SEARO technical notes for emergency, Technical notes No.8: 1-4, 2004.
13. WHO. Mortuary service and handling of the dead. WHO. Environmental Health In Emergencies And Disasters, 2002, Chapter 14: 198-201.
14. de Ville de Goyet, Claude. Epidemics caused by dead bodies: a disaster myth that does not want to die. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2004, 15(5): 297-299.
15. Claude de Ville de Goyet. Stop propagating disaster myths. Lancet, 2000, 356(9231): 762-764.

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《中国循证医学杂志》

地震后遇难者的尸体处置与传染病预防的系统评价

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《中国循证医学杂志》

地震后遇难者的尸体处置与传染病预防的系统评价

摘要 全文 图表 视频 参考文献 施引文献 补充材料

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Format

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