• 1復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中山醫(yī)院呼吸內(nèi)科;;
  • 2復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬華東醫(yī)院呼吸內(nèi)科;

細(xì)菌耐藥是一個全球性的難題，而濫用抗生素是導(dǎo)致細(xì)菌耐藥的重要原因。合理使用抗生素的核心包括以下三點：①選擇合適的抗生素（有效、經(jīng)濟(jì)、毒副作用小和使用方便）；②采取合適的給藥方法（給藥劑量、間期和途徑）；③采取合適的療程。其中抗生素的療程究竟多長最合適是目前研究最薄弱的環(huán)節(jié)，同時也是當(dāng)前和今后抗感染領(lǐng)域研究的熱點[1]。

引用本文： 姜紅妮 ,瞿介明. 肺炎短程治療. 中國呼吸與危重監(jiān)護(hù)雜志, 2008, 08(1): 6-8. doi: 復(fù)制

1. 何禮賢.值得研究和借鑒的短程抗菌治療策略.中國抗感染化療雜志，2005，5：318-319.
2. Mandell LA.Update on community-acquired pneumonia.New pathogens and new concepts in treatment.Postgrad Med，2005，118：35-46.
3. Schwartz DN，F(xiàn)urumoto-Dawson A，Itokazu GS，et al.Preventing mismanagement of community-acquired pneumonia at an urban public hospital：implications for institution-specific practice guidelines.Chest，1998，113（Suppl 3）：194S-198S.
4. Mandell LA，Wunderink RG，Anzueto A，et al.Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults.Clin Infect Dis，2007，44（Suppl 2）：S27-S72.
5. American Thoracic Society；Infectious Diseases Society of America.Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired，ventilator-associated，and healthcare-associated pneumonia.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2005，171：388-416.
6. Hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults：diagnosis，assessment of severity，initial antimicrobial therapy，and preventive strategies.A consensus statement，American Thoracic Society，November 1995.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，1996，153：1711-1725.
7. Woodhead M，Blasi F，Ewig S，et al.Guidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infections.Eur Respir J，2005，26：1138-1180.
8. Owens RC Jr，Ambrose PG，Nightingale CH.Antibiotic Optimization.Concepts and Strategies in Clinical Practice.New York：Marced Dekker，2005，491-518.
9. El Moussaoui R，de Borgie CA，van den Broek P，et al.Effectiveness of discontinuing antibiotic treatment after three days versus eight days in mild to moderate-severe community acquired pneumonia：randomised，double blind study.BMJ，2006，332：1355.
10. D’Ignazio J，Camere MA，Lewis DE，et al.Novel，single-dose microsphere formulation of azithromycin versus 7-day levofloxacin therapy for treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired Pneumonia in adults.Antimicrob Agents Chemother，2005，49：4035-4041.
11. Tellier G，Niederman MS，Nusrat R，et al.Clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of 5 and 7 day regimens of telithromycin once daily compared with a 10 day regimen of clarithromycin twice daily in patients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia.J Antimicrob Chemother，2004，54：515-523.
12. Dunbar LM，Wunderink RG，Habib MP，et al.High-dose，short-course levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia：a new treatment paradigm.Clin Infect Dis，2003，37：752-760.
13. Dennesen PJ，van der Ven AJ，Kessels AG，et al.Resolution of infectious parameters after antimicrobial therapy in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2001，163：1371-1375.
14. Chastre J，Wolff M，F(xiàn)agon JY，et al.Comparison of 8 vs 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults：a randomized trial.JAMA，2003，290：2588-2598.
15. Parienti JJ，Ramakers M，Charbonneau P，et al.Short-course empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with pulmonary infiltrates in the intensive care unit.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2001，164：172-173.
16. Zinner SH，Young LS，Acar JF，et al.Expanding indications for the new macrolides，azalides and streptogramins.New York：Marcel Dekker，1997，27-38.
17. Meehan TP，F(xiàn)ine MJ，Krumholz HM，et al.Quality of care，process，and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia.JAMA，1997，278：2080-2084.
18. Houck PM，Bratzler DW，Nsa W，et al.Timing of antibiotic administration and outcomes for Medicare patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.Arch Intern Med，2004，164：637-644.
  1. 1. 何禮賢.值得研究和借鑒的短程抗菌治療策略.中國抗感染化療雜志，2005，5：318-319.
  2. 2. Mandell LA.Update on community-acquired pneumonia.New pathogens and new concepts in treatment.Postgrad Med，2005，118：35-46.
  3. 3. Schwartz DN，F(xiàn)urumoto-Dawson A，Itokazu GS，et al.Preventing mismanagement of community-acquired pneumonia at an urban public hospital：implications for institution-specific practice guidelines.Chest，1998，113（Suppl 3）：194S-198S.
  4. 4. Mandell LA，Wunderink RG，Anzueto A，et al.Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults.Clin Infect Dis，2007，44（Suppl 2）：S27-S72.
  5. 5. American Thoracic Society；Infectious Diseases Society of America.Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired，ventilator-associated，and healthcare-associated pneumonia.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2005，171：388-416.
  6. 6. Hospital-acquired pneumonia in adults：diagnosis，assessment of severity，initial antimicrobial therapy，and preventive strategies.A consensus statement，American Thoracic Society，November 1995.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，1996，153：1711-1725.
  7. 7. Woodhead M，Blasi F，Ewig S，et al.Guidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infections.Eur Respir J，2005，26：1138-1180.
  8. 8. Owens RC Jr，Ambrose PG，Nightingale CH.Antibiotic Optimization.Concepts and Strategies in Clinical Practice.New York：Marced Dekker，2005，491-518.
  9. 9. El Moussaoui R，de Borgie CA，van den Broek P，et al.Effectiveness of discontinuing antibiotic treatment after three days versus eight days in mild to moderate-severe community acquired pneumonia：randomised，double blind study.BMJ，2006，332：1355.
  10. 10. D’Ignazio J，Camere MA，Lewis DE，et al.Novel，single-dose microsphere formulation of azithromycin versus 7-day levofloxacin therapy for treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired Pneumonia in adults.Antimicrob Agents Chemother，2005，49：4035-4041.
  11. 11. Tellier G，Niederman MS，Nusrat R，et al.Clinical and bacteriological efficacy and safety of 5 and 7 day regimens of telithromycin once daily compared with a 10 day regimen of clarithromycin twice daily in patients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia.J Antimicrob Chemother，2004，54：515-523.
  12. 12. Dunbar LM，Wunderink RG，Habib MP，et al.High-dose，short-course levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia：a new treatment paradigm.Clin Infect Dis，2003，37：752-760.
  13. 13. Dennesen PJ，van der Ven AJ，Kessels AG，et al.Resolution of infectious parameters after antimicrobial therapy in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2001，163：1371-1375.
  14. 14. Chastre J，Wolff M，F(xiàn)agon JY，et al.Comparison of 8 vs 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults：a randomized trial.JAMA，2003，290：2588-2598.
  15. 15. Parienti JJ，Ramakers M，Charbonneau P，et al.Short-course empiric antibiotic therapy for patients with pulmonary infiltrates in the intensive care unit.Am J Respir Crit Care Med，2001，164：172-173.
  16. 16. Zinner SH，Young LS，Acar JF，et al.Expanding indications for the new macrolides，azalides and streptogramins.New York：Marcel Dekker，1997，27-38.
  17. 17. Meehan TP，F(xiàn)ine MJ，Krumholz HM，et al.Quality of care，process，and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia.JAMA，1997，278：2080-2084.
  18. 18. Houck PM，Bratzler DW，Nsa W，et al.Timing of antibiotic administration and outcomes for Medicare patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.Arch Intern Med，2004，164：637-644.