• 1.中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院外科（北京 100730）;;
  • 2.中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院內(nèi)科（北京 100730）;;
  • 3.中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院基本外科（北京 100730）;

引用本文： 黃久佐,汪劭婷,李小毅. 甲狀腺術(shù)后永久性甲狀旁腺功能低減的防治. 中國普外基礎(chǔ)與臨床雜志, 2012, 19(8): 890-893. doi: 復(fù)制

1. Wang TS， Roman SA， Sosa JA. Postoperative calcium supplementation in patients undergoing thyroidectomy[J]. Curr Opin Oncol， 2012， 24(1)：22-28.
2. Youngwirth L， Benavidez J， Sippel R， et al. Parathyroid horm-one deficiency after total thyroidectomy：incidence and time[J]. J Surg Res， 2010， 163(1)：69-71.
3. Noordzij JP， Lee SL， Bernet VJ， et al. Early prediction of hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy using parathyroid hormone：an analysis of pooled individual patient data from nine observational studies[J]. J Am Coll Surg， 2007， 205(6)：748-754.
4. Glinoer D， Andry G， Chantrain G， et al. Clinical aspects of early and late hypocalcaemia after thyroid surgery[J]. Eur J Surg Oncol， 2000， 26(6)：571-577.
5. Hundahl SA， Cady B， Cunningham MP， et al. Initial results from a prospective cohort study of 5 583 cases of thyroid carcinoma treated in the United States during 1996. U. S. and German Thyroid Cancer Study Group. An American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer Patient Care Evaluation study[J]. Cancer， 2000， 89(1)：202-217.
6. La Quaglia MP， Black T， Holcomb GW 3rd， et al. Differentiated thyroid cancer：clinical characteristics， treatment， and outcome in patients under 21 years of age who present with distant metastases. A report from the Surgical Discipline Committee of the Children’s Cancer Group[J]. J Pediatr Surg， 2000， 35(6)：955-960.
7. Rosato L， Avenia N， Bernante P， et al. Complications of thyroid surgery：analysis of a multicentric study on 14 934 patients operated on in Italy over 5 years[J]. World J Surg， 2004， 28(3)：271-276.
8. Toniato A， Boschin IM， Piotto A， et al. Complications in thyroid surgery for carcinoma：one institution’s surgical experience[J]. World J Surg， 2008， 32(4)：572-575.
9. Bliss RD， Gauger PG， Delbridge LW. Surgeon’s approach to the thyroid gland：surgical anatomy and the importance of technique[J]. World J Surg， 2000， 24(8)：891-897.
10. Fancy T， Gallagher D 3rd， Hornig JD. Surgical anatomy of the thyroid and parathyroid glands[J]. Otolaryngol Clin North Am， 2010， 43(2)：221-227.
11. Akerström G， Malmaeus J， Bergström R. Surgical anatomy of human parathyroid glands [J]. Surgery， 1984， 95(1)：14-21.
12. Yun JS， Lee YS， Jung JJ， et al. The Zuckerkandl’s tubercle：a useful anatomical landmark for detecting both the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the superior parathyroid during thyroid surgery[J]. Endocr J， 2008， 55(5)：925-930.
13. Flament JB， Delattre JF， Pluot M. Arterial blood supply to the parathyroid glands：implications for thyroid surgery[J]. Anat Clin， 1982， 3：279.
14. 陳曦. 甲狀腺手術(shù)中甲狀旁腺功能的保護(hù)[J]. 中國實用外科雜志， 2010， 30(10)：895-897.
15. 黃韜. 甲狀旁腺術(shù)中損傷的預(yù)防和處理[J]. 中國實用外科雜志， 2008， 28(3)：179-180.
16. Wingert DJ， Friesen SR， Iliopoulos JI， et al. Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia. Incidence and risk factors[J]. Am J Surg， 1986， 152(6)：606-610.
17. Manouras A， Markogiannakis H， Lagoudianakis E， et al. Unintentional parathyroidectomy during total thyroidectomy[J]. Head Neck， 2008， 30(4)：497-502.
18. Lee NJ， Blakey JD， Bhuta S， et al. Unintentional parathyroidectomy during thyroidectomy[J]. Laryngoscope， 1999， 109(8)：1238-1240.
19. Bergamaschi R， Becouarn G， Ronceray J， et al. Morbidity of thyroid surgery[J]. Am J Surg， 1998， 176(1)：71-75.
20. Adler JT， Sippel RS， Schaefer S， et al. Preserving function and quality of life after thyroid and parathyroid surgery[J]. Lancet Oncol， 2008， 9(11)：1069-1075.
21. Abboud B， Sleilaty G， Zeineddine S， et al. Is therapy with calcium and vitamin D and parathyroid autotransplantation useful in total thyroidectomy for preventing hypocalcemia?[J]. Head Neck， 2008， 30(9)：1148-1154.
22. Lo CY， Lam KY. Routine parathyroid autotransplantation during thyroidectomy[J]. Surgery， 2001， 129(3)：318-323.
23. Kikumori T， Imai T， Tanaka Y， et al. Parathyroid autotransplantation with total thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma：long-term follow-up of grafted parathyroid function[J]. Surgery， 1999， 125(5)：504-508.
24. Palazzo FF， Sywak MS， Sidhu SB， et al. Parathyroid autotransplantation during total thyroidectomy——does the number of glands transplanted affect outcome?[J]. World J Surg， 2005， 29(5)：629-631.
25. Gauger PG， Reeve TS， Wilkinson M， et al. Routine parathyroid autotransplantation during total thyroidectomy：the influence of technique[J]. Eur J Surg， 2000， 166(8)：605-609.
26. Zedenius J， Wadstrom C， Delbridge L. Routine autotransplantation of at least one parathyroid gland during total thyroidectomy may reduce permanent hypoparathyroidism to zero[J]. Aust N Z J Surg， 1999， 69(11)：794-797.
27. Bentrem DJ， Rademaker A， Angelos P. Evaluation of serum calcium levels in predicting hypoparathyroidism after total/near-total thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy[J]. Am Surg， 2001 ， 67(3)：249-251.
28. Lombardi C， Raffaelli M， Princi P， et al. Early prediction of postthyroidectomy hypocalcemia by one single iPTH measurement[J]. Surgery， 2004， 136：1236-41.
29. Sywak MS， Palazzo FF， Yeh M， et al. Parathyroid hormone assay predicts hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy[J]. ANZ J Surg， 2007， 77(8)：667-670.
30. Youngwirth L， Benavidez J， Sippel R， et al. Postoperative parathyroid hormone testing decreases symptomatic hypocalcemia and associated emergency room visits after total thyroidectomy[J]. Surgery， 2010， 148(4)：841-844.
31. Khan MI， Waguespack SG， Hu MI. Medical management of postsurgical hypoparathyroidism[J]. Endocr Pract， 2011， 17 Suppl 1：18-25.
32. Shoback D. Clinical practice. Hypoparathyroidism[J]. N Engl J Med， 2008， 359(4)：391-403.
33. Wang TS， Cheung K， Roman SA， et al. To supplement or not to supplement：a cost-utility analysis of calcium and vitamin D repletion in patients after thyroidectomy[J]. Ann Surg Oncol， 2011， 18(5)：1293-1299.
34. Landry CS， Grubbs EG， Hernandez M， et al. Predictable criteria for selective， rather than routine， calcium supplementation following thyroidectomy[J]. Arch Surg， 2012， 147(4)：338-344.
  1. 1. Wang TS， Roman SA， Sosa JA. Postoperative calcium supplementation in patients undergoing thyroidectomy[J]. Curr Opin Oncol， 2012， 24(1)：22-28.
  2. 2. Youngwirth L， Benavidez J， Sippel R， et al. Parathyroid horm-one deficiency after total thyroidectomy：incidence and time[J]. J Surg Res， 2010， 163(1)：69-71.
  3. 3. Noordzij JP， Lee SL， Bernet VJ， et al. Early prediction of hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy using parathyroid hormone：an analysis of pooled individual patient data from nine observational studies[J]. J Am Coll Surg， 2007， 205(6)：748-754.
  4. 4. Glinoer D， Andry G， Chantrain G， et al. Clinical aspects of early and late hypocalcaemia after thyroid surgery[J]. Eur J Surg Oncol， 2000， 26(6)：571-577.
  5. 5. Hundahl SA， Cady B， Cunningham MP， et al. Initial results from a prospective cohort study of 5 583 cases of thyroid carcinoma treated in the United States during 1996. U. S. and German Thyroid Cancer Study Group. An American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer Patient Care Evaluation study[J]. Cancer， 2000， 89(1)：202-217.
  6. 6. La Quaglia MP， Black T， Holcomb GW 3rd， et al. Differentiated thyroid cancer：clinical characteristics， treatment， and outcome in patients under 21 years of age who present with distant metastases. A report from the Surgical Discipline Committee of the Children’s Cancer Group[J]. J Pediatr Surg， 2000， 35(6)：955-960.
  7. 7. Rosato L， Avenia N， Bernante P， et al. Complications of thyroid surgery：analysis of a multicentric study on 14 934 patients operated on in Italy over 5 years[J]. World J Surg， 2004， 28(3)：271-276.
  8. 8. Toniato A， Boschin IM， Piotto A， et al. Complications in thyroid surgery for carcinoma：one institution’s surgical experience[J]. World J Surg， 2008， 32(4)：572-575.
  9. 9. Bliss RD， Gauger PG， Delbridge LW. Surgeon’s approach to the thyroid gland：surgical anatomy and the importance of technique[J]. World J Surg， 2000， 24(8)：891-897.
  10. 10. Fancy T， Gallagher D 3rd， Hornig JD. Surgical anatomy of the thyroid and parathyroid glands[J]. Otolaryngol Clin North Am， 2010， 43(2)：221-227.
  11. 11. Akerström G， Malmaeus J， Bergström R. Surgical anatomy of human parathyroid glands [J]. Surgery， 1984， 95(1)：14-21.
  12. 12. Yun JS， Lee YS， Jung JJ， et al. The Zuckerkandl’s tubercle：a useful anatomical landmark for detecting both the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the superior parathyroid during thyroid surgery[J]. Endocr J， 2008， 55(5)：925-930.
  13. 13. Flament JB， Delattre JF， Pluot M. Arterial blood supply to the parathyroid glands：implications for thyroid surgery[J]. Anat Clin， 1982， 3：279.
  14. 14. 陳曦. 甲狀腺手術(shù)中甲狀旁腺功能的保護(hù)[J]. 中國實用外科雜志， 2010， 30(10)：895-897.
  15. 15. 黃韜. 甲狀旁腺術(shù)中損傷的預(yù)防和處理[J]. 中國實用外科雜志， 2008， 28(3)：179-180.
  16. 16. Wingert DJ， Friesen SR， Iliopoulos JI， et al. Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia. Incidence and risk factors[J]. Am J Surg， 1986， 152(6)：606-610.
  17. 17. Manouras A， Markogiannakis H， Lagoudianakis E， et al. Unintentional parathyroidectomy during total thyroidectomy[J]. Head Neck， 2008， 30(4)：497-502.
  18. 18. Lee NJ， Blakey JD， Bhuta S， et al. Unintentional parathyroidectomy during thyroidectomy[J]. Laryngoscope， 1999， 109(8)：1238-1240.
  19. 19. Bergamaschi R， Becouarn G， Ronceray J， et al. Morbidity of thyroid surgery[J]. Am J Surg， 1998， 176(1)：71-75.
  20. 20. Adler JT， Sippel RS， Schaefer S， et al. Preserving function and quality of life after thyroid and parathyroid surgery[J]. Lancet Oncol， 2008， 9(11)：1069-1075.
  21. 21. Abboud B， Sleilaty G， Zeineddine S， et al. Is therapy with calcium and vitamin D and parathyroid autotransplantation useful in total thyroidectomy for preventing hypocalcemia?[J]. Head Neck， 2008， 30(9)：1148-1154.
  22. 22. Lo CY， Lam KY. Routine parathyroid autotransplantation during thyroidectomy[J]. Surgery， 2001， 129(3)：318-323.
  23. 23. Kikumori T， Imai T， Tanaka Y， et al. Parathyroid autotransplantation with total thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma：long-term follow-up of grafted parathyroid function[J]. Surgery， 1999， 125(5)：504-508.
  24. 24. Palazzo FF， Sywak MS， Sidhu SB， et al. Parathyroid autotransplantation during total thyroidectomy——does the number of glands transplanted affect outcome?[J]. World J Surg， 2005， 29(5)：629-631.
  25. 25. Gauger PG， Reeve TS， Wilkinson M， et al. Routine parathyroid autotransplantation during total thyroidectomy：the influence of technique[J]. Eur J Surg， 2000， 166(8)：605-609.
  26. 26. Zedenius J， Wadstrom C， Delbridge L. Routine autotransplantation of at least one parathyroid gland during total thyroidectomy may reduce permanent hypoparathyroidism to zero[J]. Aust N Z J Surg， 1999， 69(11)：794-797.
  27. 27. Bentrem DJ， Rademaker A， Angelos P. Evaluation of serum calcium levels in predicting hypoparathyroidism after total/near-total thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy[J]. Am Surg， 2001 ， 67(3)：249-251.
  28. 28. Lombardi C， Raffaelli M， Princi P， et al. Early prediction of postthyroidectomy hypocalcemia by one single iPTH measurement[J]. Surgery， 2004， 136：1236-41.
  29. 29. Sywak MS， Palazzo FF， Yeh M， et al. Parathyroid hormone assay predicts hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy[J]. ANZ J Surg， 2007， 77(8)：667-670.
  30. 30. Youngwirth L， Benavidez J， Sippel R， et al. Postoperative parathyroid hormone testing decreases symptomatic hypocalcemia and associated emergency room visits after total thyroidectomy[J]. Surgery， 2010， 148(4)：841-844.
  31. 31. Khan MI， Waguespack SG， Hu MI. Medical management of postsurgical hypoparathyroidism[J]. Endocr Pract， 2011， 17 Suppl 1：18-25.
  32. 32. Shoback D. Clinical practice. Hypoparathyroidism[J]. N Engl J Med， 2008， 359(4)：391-403.
  33. 33. Wang TS， Cheung K， Roman SA， et al. To supplement or not to supplement：a cost-utility analysis of calcium and vitamin D repletion in patients after thyroidectomy[J]. Ann Surg Oncol， 2011， 18(5)：1293-1299.
  34. 34. Landry CS， Grubbs EG， Hernandez M， et al. Predictable criteria for selective， rather than routine， calcium supplementation following thyroidectomy[J]. Arch Surg， 2012， 147(4)：338-344.